Every year on December 1, the world pauses to reflect, remember, and recommit to ending one of the most significant public health challenges of our time: HIV/AIDS. World AIDS Day, first observed in 1988, is more than a date on the calendar, it’s a global movement to raise awareness, fight stigma, and honor the millions of lives affected by HIV. The iconic red ribbon, adopted in 1991, remains a universal symbol of solidarity and hope.
The official theme for World AIDS Day 2025 is: “Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response.” This theme reflects the urgent need to address setbacks caused by funding cuts, geopolitical instability, and widening inequalities. Despite decades of progress, the global HIV response faces its most significant challenges in years. Health systems are under strain, prevention programs have stalled, and community-led services, especially those supporting women and key populations, are closing due to lack of resources.
Despite decades of progress, HIV continues to disproportionately affect marginalized communities in the U.S. and globally. Black Americans represent 12% of the population but account for 39% of new HIV diagnoses, while Hispanic/Latino individuals make up 19% of the population yet represent 24% of new diagnoses. Among men who have sex with men, lifetime risk is 1 in 3 for Black MSM compared to 1 in 15 for White MSM, underscoring persistent diagnostic gaps. Prevention disparities are equally stark: although PrEP is highly effective, 94% of prescriptions go to White individuals, while only 13% of Black and 24% of Hispanic individuals who could benefit receive it. Even with breakthrough options like long-acting injectables (cabotegravir for PrEP, cabotegravir/rilpivirine and lenacapavir for treatment), uptake remains limited, only 13% of PrEP users in one large health system were on injectable PrEP, and Medicaid coverage often requires prior authorization, creating delays. High costs (e.g., lenacapavir >$40,000 annually) and geographic barriers, particularly in the South where HIV burden is highest, further restrict access. Programs like the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program, which provides comprehensive care and medication for uninsured and underinsured individuals, remain critical in bridging these gaps. Continued advocacy for equitable access, policy reform, and community engagement is essential to ensure that scientific advances translate into real-world impact for those most affected.
Rural communities face unique challenges in HIV prevention and treatment. Limited healthcare infrastructure and long travel distances often delay diagnosis and access to antiretroviral therapy. Workforce shortages mean fewer providers trained in HIV care, and awareness of prevention tools like PrEP remains low, one study found that only 1 in 3 rural clinicians were familiar with PrEP. Economic barriers and lack of Medicaid expansion in many states further restrict access to newer options such as long-acting injectables, which can simplify treatment but remain costly and require prior authorization. Stigma and privacy concerns in close-knit communities compound these issues, discouraging individuals from seeking care. Solutions like telehealth, mobile clinics, and Ryan White-funded transportation and support services are helping, but sustained advocacy and investment are essential to ensure rural populations benefit from the same advances driving progress in urban areas.
The UNMC Specialty Care Clinic plays a critical role in reducing HIV-related health disparities across Nebraska. As a Ryan White Program site, the clinic ensures that uninsured and underinsured individuals receive comprehensive HIV care, including access to antiretroviral therapy, PrEP, and long-acting injectable options. Beyond medical treatment, the clinic addresses social determinants of health through patient navigation services, transportation assistance, and insurance support, helping patients overcome barriers that often lead to delayed diagnosis or treatment interruptions. Its multidisciplinary model integrates primary care, behavioral health, and gender-affirming services, creating a safe and inclusive environment for populations disproportionately affected by HIV. Through community outreach, workforce training, and participation in clinical trials for innovative therapies, the UNMC Specialty Care Clinic is not only delivering cutting-edge care but also advocating for equity, ensuring that scientific advances reach those who need them most.
Looking ahead, even though ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 seems like an insurmountable task, our path to this goal can only be realized if we act boldly. That means investing in prevention, scaling up innovative treatments like long-acting injectables, and protecting human rights for all. This World AIDS Day, let’s unite behind equity, resilience, and community leadership to ensure no one is left behind.
